Research & Development Electronics Electrical

Monthly Archives: June 2013

Mechanical Projects

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Innovative Projects Provides Best Solution in Pneumatic System


We are Supplier of Pneumatic Parts and Compressors.

  • Pneumatic Hammer for Ground leveling
  • Pneumatic Lift
  • Pneumatic Cane Crasher
  • Pneumatic Car Jack
  • Pneumatic Braking System
  • Pneumatic Screw Driver kit
  • Pneumatic Punching machine
    • Electricity Generation From Tidal effect of Sea Waves
    • Wheel Chair Cum Patient Bed
    • Rack and Pinion Based Car Parking System
    • Step Based Electricity Generation
    • Car Lift Jack Motor Operated
    • Water Spray Pump Trolly
    • Regenerative Braking System
    • Pedal operated Hacksaw – In this project we will move pedal. Pedal will be connected with type metal rode . It will rotate our hacksaw . It help to cut job. There will be a rode holder which will be help to hold rode.
    • Pedal operates washing machine Single roatation– Pedal operating washing machine we will move -rotate pulleys. Bevel Gears will be used to change vertical movement to horizontal move ment. A Pulley will be used to rotate pulley of washing machine. V- belts will be used for coupling of pulleys.
    • Pedal Operated wahing machine with dual side rotation- in this project pulleys will move in one direction for half cycle, for another half cycle pulley will move in anti- direction. So gears system will help pulleys in both directions.
    • Pedal operated electricity generation – In this project we will move shaft of dynamo . Dynamo will generate 12 v output to charge battery. We will covert 12 v dc of battery to 220v Ac to glow bulb.
    • Pneumatic /Hydrallic Zig Zag bridge – in this project we will use pneumatic cyllinder for project. We will use nealy 12 inch cyllinder . A zig zag system will be made using iron rode.
    • Footstep opearted electricity generation – in this project we will make project on electrcity generation mechanically from foot steps. When any person walk on footstep then there will be mechanical down movment og step slightly . Then with slight movement of electricity rack assebly will move and electricity will generate.
    • Peltier based refrigeration System – in this project we will use peltier plates for cooling purpose. Peltier plates need DC supply to operate. We will give DC supply from batteries
    • Electricity from Speed Beaker– in this project we will generate electricty from speed breaker on road or near busstand. When any vehicle move on speed breaker, then electrcity will genrate using rack and pinion assembly. Roller system can be used for electricty geneartion. We will make a box o metal to show project. In box we will fix dynamo and gear or chain system. When any movement of iron rode or gear with movement of vehicle with suspension then dynamo will roate and elctricity will genrate.
    • Robotic arm mechanical– this project can be made using different meathods
    • 1. Normal Desi robotic ARM
    • 2. Special robotics ARM
    • 3. robotic Arm controlled mechanically with Push switchs.
    • 4. Robotic Arm wirelessly controlled with TV remmote or RF remote or Mobile or andorid APP.
    • 5. robot controlled for fixed time- Timely motion
    • 6. Robtics Arm controlled with motion till switch presss
    • Auto Braking System– Auto braking system can also made using many ways.
    1. Vehicle Auto braking Sytem
    2. Single tyre frame of Bycycle Autobraking system
    3. Four wheel Auto braking Sytem
    4. Autobraking Sytem using Proximity switch
    5. Autobraking system using IR sensors
    6. Autobraking Syteme using Ultrasonic modules
    • Sterling Engine- it will small wood model .
    • Multifunction machine system– In this project we will process three jobs . We will make machine which can work for three process at a time- Cutting , Drilliing and Grooving . Project will be on metal from. AC motor will be used to control all process, Bevel gears will be used.
    • Hydraulic/ Pneumatic based Zig Zag Bridge
    • Electricity generation from tidal effect of sea waves
    • Ball grinding machine
    • Water spray pump trolley
    • Industrial Automation using robotics
    • Pneumatic crane / hydraulic crane
    • Mini JCB with robotics
    • Wheel chair cum patient bed system
    • Frictionless braking System using electromagnetic auto brakes
    • Go CART project
    • Segway with three tyres
    • Multi Actuator system Hydraulic system
    • Rack and Pinion based car Lift
    • Six/ eight legs Spider
    • Automatic Scrap collecting robot
    • mechanical white board cleaner using rack and pinion assembly
    • Solar E CYCLE battery operated
    • Automatic Glass door with person detection
    • Conveyor mechanism 2 meter Long
    • Pipeline robot with leakage detection
    • Hovercraft based Project
    • Head Light Steering ControlIn this project there will be head light movement. there will be analog input from steering movement. we will change resistance input with roatation of 8
    • 4 wheel controlled Steering System – in this we will control all four wheels with the movement of steering. 15
    • Single Paddle Cycle
    • FIRE CONTROL ROBOT
    • OVERHEAT BASED FUEL CUT SYSTEM FOR ENGINEE (USING SOLENOID)
    • AUTOMATIC FUEL CUT SYSTEM IN VEHICLE WITH PASSWORD (USING SOLENOID)
    • VEHICLE DOOR OPEN BASED ENGINEE FUEL CUT OFF (USING SOLENOID)
    • AUTOMATIC GAS SUPPLY CUT OFF ON LEAKAGE IN VEHICLE (WITHOUT CYLINDER)
    • HYDRAULIC PUNCHING MACHINE (WOOD BASED USING INJECTIONS)
    • ELECTRICITY GENERATION USING ROLLER METHOD (USING PLASTIC ROLLER)
    • RAIN ACTIVATED WIPER (WOOD BASED)
    • SPEED BREAKER WITH 0% OUTPUT (WOOD BASE USING FREE WHEEL)
    • HYDRO POWER PLANT (WOOD BASED SMALL STORAGE TANK)
    • HYDRAULIC FLYOVER BRIDGE WITH LEVER
    • HYDRAULIC ROBOTIC ARM (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • HYDRAULIC ROBOTIC CRAN (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • REGENERATIVE BREAKING SYSTEM
    • SPEED BREAKER WITH % OUTPUT (WOOD BASE USING FREE WHEEL)
    • HYDRAULIC MAGNETIC ROBOTIC ARM (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • PNEUMATIC VICE SIMPLE
    • MOTORISED CAR JACK SIMPLE (USING BELT & PULLY)
    • FOOT STEP ELECTRICITY GENERATION
    • ESTEEM TURBINE (USING PRESSURE COOKER)
    • VERTICAL AXIS WIND MILL SYSTEM
    • PNEUMATIC JACK
    • SINGLE PADDLE CONTROL ELE. VEHICLE WITH ELE. GENERATION (USING BICYCLE WHEEL)
    • SPEED BREAKER USING GEAR MECHANISM (WOOD COVER)
    • PNEUMATIC CAN CRUSHER (WITH SCRAP STORAGE DRAWER)
    • PRONY BREAK SYSTEM (USING MOTOR AGAINST ENGINEE)
    • PNEUMATIC DOOR OPENER (USING WOODEN HOUSE)
    • UNIDIRECTION ROTATIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION (USING GEAR & PULLY)
    • PNEUMATIC PUNCHING MACHINE
    • PNEUMATIC RIVITING MACHIN
    • PNEUMATIC RAILWAY TRACK CHANGE (USING IRON TRACK)
    • PNEUMATIC SOIL PRESSING MACHINE
    • AUTOMATIC WATER SPRAYER
    • HYDRO POWER PLANT (COMPLETE IRON BASED SMALL STORAGE TANK)
    • MOTORISED SOIL PRESSING MACHINE
    • PNEUMATIC RIVITING + PUNCHING MACHINE
    • SINGLE PADDLE CONTROL ELE. VEHICLE (USING BYKE WHEEL)
    • DANCING FLOOR ELECTRICITY GENERATOR (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MOTORISED CAR JACK (USING CROSS SYSTEM)
    • SPEED BREAKER USING GEAR MECHANISM (COMPLETE IRON
    • MOTORISED HANDMADE SCREW JACK (USING CROWNPINION)
    • MAGNETIC BREAK SYSTEM (USING BYKE WHEEL
    • PNEUMATIC CRAN AXIS (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MOTORISED HEXSAW CUTTER
    • PADDLE POWER HEXSAW
    • BALL GRADING MACHINE
    • IMPULSE TURBINE BASED ELECTRICITY GENERATOR (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE WITH THREE FUNCTION (BASE PLATE WOOD)
    • MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE WITH THREE FUNCTION (COMPLETE IRON)
    • Water Sprinkler project will have a cycle and a mechanical pumping system when there is rotation of wheel then there will be rotation of pump . pump will push water from tub to a distance . in this way we could make pumping system without need of electricity . 6
    • Dancing Floor energy Utilization 4
    • Soil leveling using Pneumatic leveller 8
    • Hammer using pneumatic or hydraulic system 8
    • Solar System based Vehicle with Control
    • Medicine Spray with Automatic mechanical logic
    • Solar based Grass cutting machine
    • Solar based water sprayer system
    • Pneumatic Projects
    • Pneumatic Jack
    • Pneumatic Lift – In this project
    • Coneveyor belt
    • Automatic braking with pneumatic system
    • Pneumatic door control +password system pneumatic
    • railway crossing system
    • Pneumatic machine control Pneumatic
    • regenrative beaking system
    • water sprinkler
    • Steam Engine
    • Paddle operated washing machine
    • paddle operated electricity generattor
    • Compressed Air Engine
    • Hydraullic Punching Machine
    • Hydraullic press
    • Multiactuator hydraullic system
    • Solar Grass cutter with trolley
    • Trolley based dishwash washing system
    • bootling Plant automation
    • Industrial automation using robotics complete model
    • Moving trolley based spray pump
    • hydraulic Lift Object segregation and rejection
    • Speedometer
    • Auto Gear control
    • IC based engine
    • Remote operated patient bed
    • Hydraulic Robotic ARM
    • Pneumatic control of jack Conveyor belt
    • Automatic remote Jack
    • Trolley conveyor
    • Room cooler using special cotton.
    • Road Energy utilization
    • regenerative braking system
    • Auto braking system
    • Automatic Guided vehicle fire fighting robot
    • Snake robo
    • walking Robo Robotic ARM
    • PLC based Industrial Automation
    • PLC based Bottling Plant
    • PLC based Crane System
    • PLC Machine Control or Drill Control
    • Multi functional Machine
    • Water Sprinkler
    • Auto Gear control
    • IC based engine
    • Remote operated patient bed
    • Trolley conveyor
    • Segvey vehicle
    • Padle operated washing machine
    • Solar Car Big
    • Solar water Srayer
    • Solar Jack
    • Conveyor belt
    • Robotic ARM
    • Multifunctioning Machine Control
    • Drilling Mechanism
    • Pneumatic machine control
    • Pneumatic Lift
    • Pneumatic Jack
    • Pneumatic door control +password system
    • Pneumatic railway crossing system
    • Automatic braking with pneumatic system
    • Pneumatic Hammer for Ground levelling
    • Pneumatic Cane Crasher
    • Pneumatic Screw Driver kit
    • Pneumatic Punching machine
    • Pneumatic Colour Paint Sprayer
    • Pneumatic Regenerative Braking System
    • Pneumatic Machine control
    • Pneumatic Drill Mechanism
    • Pneumatic Arm
    • Pneumatic Mechanism in Car washing service station
    • Regenerative Braking SystemEnergy producing with Speed Breaker
    • Energy producing with Dancing Floor
    • Energy producing from a busy road
    • Solar Seeker
    • Carefully walking Robot
    • Water sprinkle using cycle
    • Conveyor belt automation
    • Pedal operated Hacksaw
    • Pedal operates washing machine Single roatation
    • Pedal Operated wahing machine with dual side rotation
    • Pedal operated electricity generation
    • Pneumatic /Hydrallic Zig Zag bridge–
    • Footstep opearted electricity generation
    • Peltier based refrigeration System 
    • Electricity from Speed Beaker
    • Robotic arm mechanical
    • Auto Braking System
    • Sterling Engine
    • Multifunction machine system
    •  Pneumatic Crane
    • Hydraulic/ Pneumatic based Zig Zag Bridge
    • Electricity generation from tidal effect of sea waves-
    • Ball grinding machine
    • Water spray pump trolley
    • Industrial Automation using robotics
    • Pneumatic crane / hydraulic crane
    • Mini JCB with robotics
    • Wheel chair cum patient bed system
    • Frictionless braking System using electromagnetic auto brakes
    • Go CART project
    • Segway with three tyres
    • Multi Actuator system Hydraulic system
    • Rack and Pinion based car Lift
    • Six/ eight legs Spider
    • Automatic Scrap collecting robot
    • mechanical white board cleaner using rack and pinion assembly
    • Solar E- CYCLE- battery operated
    • Automatic Glass door with person detection
    • Conveyor mechanism  2 meter Long
    • Pipeline robot with leakage detection
    • Hovercraft based Project
    • Head Light Steering Control-In this project there will be head light movement. there will be analog input from steering movement. we will change resistance input with roatation of 8
    • 4 wheel controlled Steering System – in this we will control all four wheels with the movement of steering.
    • Single Paddle Cycle
    • FIRE CONTROL ROBOT 
    • OVERHEAT BASED FUEL CUT SYSTEM FOR ENGINEE (USING SOLENOID)
    • AUTOMATIC FUEL CUT SYSTEM IN VEHICLE WITH PASSWORD (USING SOLENOID)
    • VEHICLE DOOR OPEN BASED ENGINEE FUEL CUT OFF (USING SOLENOID)
    • AUTOMATIC GAS SUPPLY CUT OFF ON LEAKAGE IN VEHICLE (WITHOUT CYLINDER)
    • HYDRAULIC PUNCHING MACHINE (WOOD BASED USING INJECTIONS)
    • ELECTRICITY GENERATION USING ROLLER METHOD (USING PLASTIC ROLLER)
    • RAIN ACTIVATED WIPER (WOOD BASED)
    • SPEED BREAKER WITH 0% OUTPUT (WOOD BASE USING FREE WHEEL)
    • HYDRO POWER PLANT (WOOD BASED SMALL STORAGE TANK)
    • HYDRAULIC FLYOVER BRIDGE WITH LEVER
    • HYDRAULIC ROBOTIC ARM (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • HYDRAULIC ROBOTIC CRAN (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • REGENERATIVE BREAKING SYSTEM
    • SPEED BREAKER WITH % OUTPUT (WOOD BASE USING FREE WHEEL)
    • HYDRAULIC MAGNETIC ROBOTIC ARM (USING IRON ARM WITH INJECTION)
    • PNEUMATIC VICE SIMPLE
    • MOTORISED CAR JACK SIMPLE (USING BELT & PULLY)
    • FOOT STEP ELECTRICITY GENERATION
    • ESTEEM TURBINE (USING PRESSURE COOKER)
    • VERTICAL AXIS WIND MILL SYSTEM
    • PNEUMATIC JACK
    • SINGLE PADDLE CONTROL ELE. VEHICLE WITH ELE. GENERATION (USING BICYCLE WHEEL)
    • SPEED BREAKER USING GEAR MECHANISM (WOOD COVER)
    • PNEUMATIC CAN CRUSHER (WITH SCRAP STORAGE DRAWER)
    • PRONY BREAK SYSTEM (USING MOTOR AGAINST ENGINEE)
    • PNEUMATIC DOOR OPENER (USING WOODEN HOUSE)
    • UNIDIRECTION ROTATIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION (USING GEAR & PULLY)
    • PNEUMATIC PUNCHING MACHINE
    • PNEUMATIC RIVITING MACHIN
    • PNEUMATIC RAILWAY TRACK CHANGE (USING IRON TRACK)
    • PNEUMATIC SOIL PRESSING MACHINE
    • AUTOMATIC WATER SPRAYER
    • HYDRO POWER PLANT (COMPLETE IRON BASED SMALL STORAGE TANK)
    • MOTORISED SOIL PRESSING MACHINE
    • PNEUMATIC RIVITING + PUNCHING MACHINE
    • SINGLE PADDLE CONTROL ELE. VEHICLE (USING BYKE WHEEL)
    • DANCING FLOOR ELECTRICITY GENERATOR (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MOTORISED CAR JACK (USING CROSS SYSTEM)
    • SPEED BREAKER USING GEAR MECHANISM (COMPLETE IRON
    • MOTORISED HANDMADE SCREW JACK (USING CROWN-PINION)
    • MAGNETIC BREAK SYSTEM (USING BYKE WHEEL
    • PNEUMATIC CRAN AXIS (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MOTORISED HEX-SAW CUTTER
    • PADDLE POWER HEX-SAW
    • BALL GRADING MACHINE
    • IMPULSE TURBINE BASED ELECTRICITY GENERATOR (COMPLETE IRON)
    • MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE WITH THREE FUNCTION (BASE PLATE WOOD)
    • MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE WITH THREE FUNCTION (COMPLETE IRON)
    • Water Sprinkler- project will  have a cycle and a mechanical pumping system when there is rotation of wheel then there will be rotation of pump . pump will push water from tub to a distance . in this way we could make pumping system without need of electricity .- 6
    • Dancing Floor energy Utilization- 4
    • Soil leveling using Pneumatic leveller- 8
    • Hammer using pneumatic or hydraulic system- 8
    • Solar System based Vehicle with Control-
    • Medicine Spray with Automatic mechanical logic
    • Solar based Grass cutting machine
    • Solar based water sprayer system
    • Pneumatic Projects
    • Pneumatic Jack
    • Pneumatic Lift – In this project
    • Coneveyor belt
    • Automatic braking with pneumatic system
    • Pneumatic door control +password system pneumatic
    • railway crossing system
    • Pneumatic machine control Pneumatic
    • regenrative beaking system
    • water sprinkler
    • Steam Engine
    • Paddle operated washing machine
    • paddle operated electricity generattor
    • Compressed Air Engine
    • Hydraullic Punching Machine
    • Hydraullic press
    • Multiactuator hydraullic system
    • Solar Grass cutter with trolley
    • Trolley based dishwash washing system
    • bootling Plant automation
    • Industrial automation using robotics complete model
    • Moving trolley based spray pump
    • hydraulic Lift Object segregation and rejection
    • Speedometer
    • Auto Gear control
    • IC based engine
    • Remote operated patient bed
    • Hydraulic Robotic ARM
    • Pneumatic control of jack Conveyor belt
    • Automatic remote Jack
    • Trolley conveyor
    • Room cooler using special cotton.
    • Road Energy utilization
    • regenerative braking system
    • Auto braking system
    • Automatic Guided vehicle fire fighting robot
    • Snake robo
    • walking Robo Robotic ARM
    • PLC based Industrial Automation
    • PLC based Bottling Plant
    • PLC based Crane System
    • PLC Machine Control or Drill Control
    • Multi functional Machine
    • Water Sprinkler
    • Auto Gear control,
    • IC based engine ,
    • Remote operated patient bed ,
    • Trolley conveyor ,
    • Segvey vehicle
    • Padle operated washing machine
    • Solar Car Big
    • Solar water Srayer
    • Solar Jack
    • Conveyor belt ,
    • Robotic ARM ,
    • Multifunctioning Machine Control ,
    • Drilling Mechanism ,
    • Pneumatic machine control
    • Pneumatic Lift ,
    • Pneumatic Jack ,
    • Pneumatic door control +password system ,
    • Pneumatic railway crossing system ,
    • Automatic braking with pneumatic system ,
    • Pneumatic Hammer for Ground levelling ,
    • Pneumatic Cane Crasher ,
    • Pneumatic Screw Driver kit ,
    • Pneumatic Punching machine ,
    • Pneumatic Colour Paint Sprayer ,
    • Pneumatic Regenerative Braking System ,
    • Pneumatic Machine control ,
    • Pneumatic Drill Mechanism ,
    • Pneumatic Arm ,
    • Pneumatic Mechanism in Car washing service station ,
    • Regenerative Braking System, Energy producing with Speed Breaker ,
    • Energy producing with Dancing Floor ,
    • Energy producing from a busy road,
    • Solar Seeker ,
    • Carefully walking Robot
    • snow bike – bike can move on road and snow

  • Hovercraft based Project

    Pedal operated Hacksaw

    Pedal operates washing machine Single roatation

    Pedal Operated wahing machine with dual side rotation

    Pedal operated electricity generation

    Pneumatic /Hydrallic Zig Zag bridge

    Footstep opearted electricity generation

    Peltier based refrigeration System

    Electricity from Speed Beaker

    Robotic arm mechanical

    Auto Braking System

    Sterling Engine

    Multifunction machine system

    Head Light Steering Control-In this project there will be head light movement. there will be analog input from steering movement.

    4 wheel controlled Steering System – in this we will control all four wheels with the movement of steering.

    Single Paddle Cycle

    Water Sprinkler- project will  have a cycle and a mechanical pumping system when there is rotation of wheel then there will be rotation of pump . pump will push water from tub to a distance . in this way we could make pumping system without need of electricity .- 6000

    Dancing Floor energy Utilization

    Soil leveling using Pneumatic leveller

    Hammer using pneumatic or hydraulic system

    Solar System based Vehicle with Control-

    Medicine Spray with Automatic mechanical logic

    Solar based Grass cutting machine

    Solar based water sprayer system

    Pneumatic Projects

    Pneumatic Jack

    Pneumatic Lift – In this project

    Coneveyor belt

    Automatic braking with pneumatic system

    Pneumatic door control +password system pneumatic

    railway crossing system

    Pneumatic machine control Pneumatic

    regenrative beaking system

    water sprinkler

    Steam Engine

    Paddle operated washing machine

    paddle operated electricity generattor

    Compressed Air Engine

    Hydraullic Punching Machine

    Hydraullic press

    Multiactuator hydraullic system

    Solar Grass cutter with trolley

    Trolley based dishwash washing system

    bootling Plant automation

    Industrial automation using robotics complete model

    Moving trolley based spray pump

    hydraulic Lift Object segregation and rejection

    Speedometer

    Auto Gear control

    IC based engine

    Remote operated patient bed

    Hydraulic Robotic ARM

    Pneumatic control of jack Conveyor belt

    Automatic remote Jack

    Trolley conveyor

    Room cooler using special cotton.

    Road Energy utilization

    regenerative braking system

    Auto braking system

    Automatic Guided vehicle fire fighting robot

    Snake robo

    walking Robo Robotic ARM

    PLC based Industrial Automation

    PLC based Bottling Plant

    PLC based Crane System

Black Box Security

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Black Box

 

 

 

We know the about Black box in aeroplane.We are making same project for car. In which we will use different type of sensors. We will use IR,LPG,LDR,water and Fire sensors.in this project we will use apr voice proceeor which will give our recorded voice message after detection signal from any sensor or we can say it will give voice response after any problem detected.

In this project we will make project on black box of car. We  will make security system for car. It will detect the fire in car then it will give signal on indicator and we will use 16*2 LCD for display fault on LCD. Here in this project we also show that how we detect a LPG gas  or any type of  gases and if we detect a gases then alarm is on, doors glasses will open or doors will open  and the same time lcd display shows the gas detection display . lpg gas sensors are for future point of view, because of increasing cost of petrol, most of car owner are using LPG gas car kit/  If the gas is detected then relay is off and break the supply of gas applied to the vehicle or we can control any type of electrical connection on or off by this relay operated logic.

 

Main part of this project is gas sensor.

Here we use TGS gas sensor. This sensor is a 6 pin sensor . Top and  bottom of the sensor is covered with 100 mesh stainless stell wire cloth. The heart of the sensor is the cylindrical form in the middle of the unit. The cylinder is a ceramic material with the SnO2 material deposited on its surface. The heater coil is located inside the ceramic cylinder. The heater has a resistance of 38 ohms.

 

Output of the gas sensor is connected to npn transistor and the ic 555 as a monostable trigger ic. Sensor gives high signal to npn transistor. Transistors emitter is connected with ground. And collector connected with NE555 timer. Timer gives output to npn transitor. Second npn transistor  gives low signal to mcrcontroller. We know  microcontroller default o/p is high.As the sensor is detect a gas then ic 555 activate automatically and then output of the ic 555 is connected to the microcontroller circuit.

 

In the microcontroller circuit we use ic 89s51 controller. Use of this is is to control the one or many relay logic and at the same time show the message on the lcd display. If no gas is detected then display shows a everything is ok . If the gas is detected then show a warning message on the screen and at the same time relay off the supply unit.

 

Logic circuit.

Fire detection circuit- In Fire detection  circuit we used thermocouple as a sensor. Thermocouple works at nearly 70 deg to 90 deg. If it detect high temperature in your car ( that can be in engine). Then thermocouple get  expanded. And give low signal to microcontroller. It is connected with the microcontroller at pin 1.3

LDR circuit:

In ldr circuit we used two transistors npn 548. we get two inputs at base of first npn transistor. A variable resistance of value 5k connected with base of first tr.

Second input to transistor is connected to vcc via LDR. LDR is of 50ohm when get max. light at base of LDR. When npn will get high signal at basethen it will get activated. Transoistors collector is connected with VCC and emitter connected with base of other npn transistor. Now other npn transistors collector connected with microcontroller and emitter connected with ground. It connected with pin 1.4 of mcu.

Water sensor:

as there is no water sensor  available in the market. We used  twires for water connectivity purpose. One wire is connected with mcu at pin no p1.2 and other wire connected  with ground. It give low signal to mcu when connected to each other via water.

It can be used for moisture check in mats and rain detection.

IR circuit :

There is one transmitter and other reciver. Transmitter is IR LED of size 5mm.

We bias in forward bias. i.e. positive is connected with VCC  via 470E resistance. And –ve is connected to ground.

 

In reciver side we used IR photodiode. It works in reverse bias. Negative of IR connected to positive and positive  end is grounded .we take output from negative pin of sensor. We used 10k E pull up resistor to make negative end sensor high. When they are in front of each other theb it will give low signal to mcu.

 

 

block diagram Black box

Gas sensor interface.

Schimtt trigger circuit.

Microcontroller interface.

Lcd interface.

Alarm  control

Relay on/off  control

 

 

 

IN the  gas sensor interface we use gas  sensor as a input logic. We attach one ic 555 as  with this sensor . Here ic 555 work as a monostable timer.  Sensor output is connected to the  ic 555 pin no 2 via npn transistor. Pin no 2 is a negative trigger ic. When sensor activate then positive output is available and  this positive output  is converted into  negative with the help of the NPN transistor. Output of the NPN transistor is now connected to the  pin no 2 of the ic 555. Pinno 4 and 8 of the ic 555 is connected to the positive supply. Pin no 1 is connected to the ground pin. Pin no 7 is the output pin. Pin no 6 and 7 is the time constant pin. Pin no 6 and 7 provide a time constant option. When ic 555 works then  output is available on the pin no 3 . Now this output is switching by the further NPN transistor.One led is also connected to the  transistor circuit. Output of the npn transistor is available on the collector point. This output  from the collector of NPN is  now connected to the microcontroller pin no 1 which is port p1.0. Pin no 40 of the  controller is connected to the positive supply. We supply a 5 volt regulated power supply on this pin. For regulated power supply we use one step down transformer  . Step down transformer step down the voltage from 220 volt ac to 9 volt ac. This ac is converted into  dc with the help of the rectifier circuit. Here we use two diode as a  full wave rectifier. Output of the rectifier is now converted into 5 volt regulated supply with the help of 7805 regulator. IC 7805 regulator  provide a 5 volt constant  supply to pin no 40 of the ic. Pin no 20 is connected to the ground pin.  LCD is connected to the port 0. Here we use 2 by 16 lcd for display. 2 by 16 means  2 line and 16 character.

 

Two output is available from the controller from port P2. One output is buzzer and second output    is relay output. Buzzer is on when  circuit sense a gas and  relay  switch off the supply chain.

 

To control a relay we use two transistor circuit. Output from the controller is  drive the pnp transistor through  1 k ohm resistor. Collector of the pnp transistor is connected to the npn transistor through 1 k ohm resistor. Collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the  relay coil  directly. . Here relay is for the switching purpose only . As the  transistor is on  relay is on and relay break the contact of supply  chain.

Component List

Micorcntroller 89s52

Crystal 12Mhz

LDR- 50 ohm 5/10mm size

Gas Sensor- Mq2

Fire sensor- Thermocouple

Water sensor

555 timer

STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER      220 TO 9 VOLT AC

DIODE    IN 4007(2)

CAPACITOR  ,1000 MFD (1), 33 MFD (1), 27 PF (2).

NPN TRANSISTOR BC 548(4)

PNP TRANSISTOR BC 558(2)

RESISTOR  100 K (2), 1 K (4), 470 OHM (1), 10 K (3)

PULL UP RESISITOR ARRAY. 10 K (1)

VARIABLE RESISTOR 4.7 K (1)

L.E.D (3)

Protection of Transformer

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In this project we will measure the heat losses by transformer . we will show data digitally on LCD 16*2. we will use LM 35 sensor to measure heat losses.

 

 

IN normal temperature controller we get a output for  on and off purpose only but in this project we control the speed of the  fan automatically.  In brief firstly we convert the temperature into small voltage with the help of lm 35 sensor. LM 35 is temerature sensor  convert the temperature in to small voltage at very accurately. Output of the temperature sensor is further converted into digital signal with the help of the ADC. IN this project we use ADC0809 . ADC 0809 is a 8 bit ADC and convert the any analogue signal into digital signal in 100 microsecond. To control the ADC we required a clock pulse, and 4 different signal . All this signal is provided by the controller. IN this project we use ic 89s51 as a main controller. IC 89s51 sense the output from the ADC in hex code. This HEX code is further converted into binary code with the help of program code inside the controller. IN the output device we use LCD display . LCD display display the contents of the display with the  help of the ASCII code. ASCII CODE  is a special code for displaying the character in the LCD.  In the controller we convert the binary code in to ASCII codes with the help of the code conversion program. Temperature sensor by the lm 35 is  now display in the ASCII code on the LCD display.

PRE PAID ENERGY METER.

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In this project we show that how we interface the digital energy meter to the easy recharge unit and convert this meter into prepaid  energy meter. By using this technique we show that how we convert all meter with the prepaid logic. When any  concept is prepaid then there is a security of misuse of electricity  uses. Normally in every postpaid connection bill is much higher then the prepaid. When there is postpaid, no body want t take care of the  wastage, but at the end  of month  when bill is present then bill is paid by the house inchrage,  small workers in the office, employees in the school, in all the private and govt office no body want to take care of the wastage. So we add some innovative idea to avoid and save this valuable energy for every one.

 

In this project we use one lcd screen. LCD screen display  the balance amount every time, LCD screen not only show the balance amount but at the same time  lcd display the unit consumption.  When the balance is zero then output is off.

Now  for  continue the voltage we must need  to recharge the unit from the mobile phone.

 

Circuit working:

 

Our project is to be divided into 6 parts.

 

  1. 5 VOLT REGULATED POER SUPPLY
  2.  MOBILE SIGNAL DECODER
  3. BCD TO DECIMAL DECODER.
  4. MICROCONTROLLER INTERFACE.
  5. LCD INTERFACE .
  6. RELAY INTERFACE CIRCUIT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Componets used in this project.

 

LCD  FOR DISPLAY PURPOSE DISPLAY THE BALANCE AMOUNT AND UNIT CONSUME ( 2 LINE AND 16 CHARACTER)

 

MICROCONTROLLER. 89C51, 40 PIN CONTROLLER, 128 BYTE RAM, 4 K BYTE RAM. USED HERE FOR LCD DISPLAY AND START STOP FUNCTION. CHECK THE BALANCE AND CONTROL THE LOAD AS PER THE BALANCE.

 

IC 8870 , DTMF DECODER IC.

 

IC 8870 PROVIDE A GSM INTERFACE WITH THIS CIRCUIT. DUE TO THIS  IC WE DECODE THE CALL THE PROVIDE A BALANCE IN THE ENERGY METER AUTOMATICALLY.

 

IC 74154 IS A BCD TO DECIMAL DECODER ATTACH WITH THE MICROCONTROLLER TO INTERFACE WITH THE DTMF DECODER

 

5 VOLT REGULATED POWER SUPPLY TO PROVIDE A  REGULATED VOLTAGE TO THE MICROCONTROLLER UNIT.

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In  this project we will connect LCD at port 0.  Which will show Units  consumption and balance available. In GSM interface circuit we will use nokia mobile to interface with GSM detecting circuit. GSM interface circuit will be DTMF decoder IC. DTMF circuit will get input at pin2 of microcontroller.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5 VOLT REGULATED POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT.

 

In this project firstly we use one step down transformer. Step down transformer step down the voltage from 220 volt Ac to  12 volt Ac. This Ac voltage is further converted into DC with the help of rectifier circuit. In rectifier circuit we use four diode. All the diodes  are arranges as a bridge rectifier circuit. Output of this rectifier is pulsating Dc. To convert this pulsating DC into smooth dc we use one capacitor as a filter components. Capacitor converts the pulsating Dc into smooth DC with the help of its charging and discharging effect.

Output of the rectifier is now regulated with the help of  IC regulator circuit. In this project we use positive voltage regulator circuit. Here we use three pin regulator. Output of this regulator is regulated voltage. If we use 7805 regulator then its means its is 5 volt regulator and if we use 7808 regulator then its means that it is 8 volt regulator circuit. In this project we use 5 volt dc regulated power supply for the complete circuit. Separate 9 volt dc power supply is used for the relay coil

Motor failure with GSM modem

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In this project we will check failure of motor supply. If there will be any failure then our GSM modem will automatically generate sms. We have to save one mobile no. in microcontroller programming. When microcontroller will detect any pulse then our microcontroller will send message on saved mobile no. it is very interesting project, that’s why we selected this one.

In this project we will use SIM300 GSM modem. AT commands will be there to send sms from GSM modem.

VARIOUS STEPS OF PROJECT:

1)      POWER SUPPLY +5V

2)      MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52

3)      MAX232 CIRCUIT

4)      GSM MODEM

 

Pin no 40 is connected to the positive supply. In this project we provide a 5 volt dc power supply. This power supply is truly regulated power supply. Pin no 20 is connected to the negative supply. Here we supply a negative voltage on this pin. Crystal is connected to the pin no 18 and 19 of the microcontroller. Crystal provide a clock signal to run the vehicle and process all the internal requirement of the circuit.. For the regulated power supply we use ic 7805 as a regulator to provide a fix 5 volt power supply.

 

We will use GSM modem sm300 at 9600 baud rate.

GSM modem

This GSM modem is a highly flexible plug and play quad band GSM modem for direct and easy

integration to RS232. Supports features like Voice, Data/Fax, SMS,GPRS and integrated TCP/IP

stack.

Specifications for Fax

· Group 3, class 1

Specifications for data

· GPRS class 10: max 85.6 kbps(downlink)

· PBCCH support

· Coding schemes CS 1,2,3,4

· CSD upto 14.4 kbps

· USSD

· Non transparent mode

· PPP-Stack

 

Features

· Quad Band GSM/GPRS

850/900/1800/1900 Mhz

· GPRS multi-slot class 10/8

· GPRS Mobile station class B

· Compliant to GSM Phase 2/2+

o Class 4 (2W@850/900Mhz)

o Class 1(1W@1800/1900Mhz)

· Control via AT commands(GSM 07.07,

07.05 and enhanced AT commands)

· Operation Temperature(-20 deg C to

+55 deg C)

 

Specifications for SMS

· Point-to-point MO and MT

· SMS cell broadcast

· Text and PDU mode

Power Supply

· Use AC – DC Power Adaptor with following ratings

· DC Voltage : 12V

· DC Current : 1A

· Polarity : Centre +ve & Outside –ve

· Current Consumption in normal operation 250mA, can rise up to 1Amp while transmission.

Interfaces

· RS-232 through D-TYPE 9 pin connector, Serial port baud rate adjustable 1200 to115200

bps (9600 default)

· Stereo connector for MIC & SPK

· Power supply through DC socket

· SMA antenna connector

· Push switch type SIM holder

· LED status of GSM / GPRS module

Getting Started

· Insert SIM card: Press the yellow pin to remove the tray from the SIM cardholder. After

properly fixing the SIM card in the tray, insert the tray in the slot provided.

· Connect Antenna: Screw the RF antenna on the RF cable output provided.

· If voice call is needed, connect the mic and speaker to stereo sockets.

· Connect RS232 Cable: (Cable provided for RS232 communication) Default baud rate is

9600 with 8-N-1, no hardware handshaking. Cable provided has pins 7 and 8 shorted that will

set to no hardware handshaking. In you need hardware handshaking the pins 7-8 can be

taken for signaling.

o Pin 2 is RS232 level TX out

o Pin 3 is RS232 level RX in

o Pin 5 is Ground

o Pin 7 RTS in (shorted to pin 8 in cable for no hardware handshaking)

o Pin 8 CTS out (shorted to pin 7 in cable for no hardware handshaking)

PLCC control of Devices

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In this project we will control the devices using powerline transmission medium. We will send controlling data through powerline from transmitter. On receiver  end we will control the devices.

 

Data commmuniction using power line is important project according to today’s increasing rush of power line and data lines. In this project we will transmit data using earth wire. Earthing very important  for this project. It will also help to control the the various devices with power supply circuit.    In this project we  will transmit data using DTMF encoder IC  91214 . IC 91214 is frequency generators . actually we will send particular frequency to decode it at reciver. We wll amplify the signal after DTMF technology play the key role .In amplifiers first of all we will use voltage amplifier and then power amplifier . there will be IC741 as voltage amplifier circuit. And then transistorized  power amplifier circuit. In receiver side there will be amplifiers then there will be DTMF decoder driver IC 8870. we will reamplify the signal because of the week signal detected  at receiver. Ic 8870 has pin no2, 3 as input pins . output of decoder will be Binary coded decimal. There will be four outputs will be input to Microcontroller IC 89c051 . output of IC will be on LCD display. In this way we will transmit data . DTMF frequency lie with in voice frequency range.

DTMF is Dual  tone Multi frequency. Dtmf frequency wave is very equal to sine wave like

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In spite of sending pulses we  will send DTMF signal. This technology is use in telephones. That’s why its very important and reliable in Data communication. Morever its frequency range lie with in voice frequency range.

Power factor correction

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The power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit,[1][2] and is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1. Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of the current and voltage of the circuit. Due to energy stored in the load and returned to the source, or due to a non-linear load that distorts the wave shape of the current drawn from the source, the apparent power will be greater than the real power.

In an electric power system, a load with a low power factor draws more current than a load with a high power factor for the same amount of useful power transferred. The higher currents increase the energy lost in the distribution system, and require larger wires and other equipment. Because of the costs of larger equipment and wasted energy, electrical utilities will usually charge a higher cost to industrial or commercial customers where there is a low power factor.

Linear loads with low power factor (such as induction motors) can be corrected with a passive network of capacitors or inductors. Non-linear loads, such as rectifiers, distort the current drawn from the system. In such cases, active or passive power factor correction may be used to counteract the distortion and raise the power factor. The devices for correction of the power factor may be at a central substation, spread out over a distribution system, or built into power-consuming equipment.

 

 

 

In this project we use ic 89c2051 microcontroller as a main processor. IC 89c2051 is a 20 pin microcontroller. This ic is a 20 pin version of 40 pin main atmel ic 89c51 microcontroller. We program this ic with the help of computer. Software is written in the assembley language  and then transfer into the blank ic with the help of  programmer kit.

In addition with the anti falling concept we use auto collosion concept.

In this project we show that how we design a future vehicle for automation. By using this automation we design the vehicle for  auto path finding. We use this concept for remote area. Where we control the robot from remote are . Or we send the machine  in any small tunnel. If we fit a wireless camera with this robot then it is possible for us to capture the all detail of facing area.

 

 

 

 

A mechanical device that sometimes resembles a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance is defined as a robot

 

A Robot never becomes fulfill until it can take decisions. We can’t go for computers for the computation & intelligence. But we can use single chip microcontrollers for controlling. This robot is not going to do any big tasks there will only be predefined tasks. The robot’s full control is embedded into one chip which is otherwise known as embedded systems designing.

 

To make a robot we must surely know to at least use a single microcontroller. So let us see about Embedded System thru 8051.